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Implementation of Effective Policies on Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases.
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Duk hyoung Lee
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Korean J Epidemiol. 2006;28(1):69-74.
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Abstract
The history of emerging infectious diseases was recently reawakened with the SARS outbreak in 2003 that resulted in 8,098 cases and 774 deaths in 26 countries. Korea dealt with 20 suspect or probable cases. From this experience of managing SARS, the public health system has been reinforced and the system's flexibility improved. The Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (KCDC) was inaugurated in January 2004 as a technically advanced and leading national organization. Thanks to SARS, multiple related Ministries and Agencies realized the need for their involvement in the case of global and national public health threat. The joint WHO/OIE/FAO consultation that was held in May 2004 in Geneva agreed that the next candidateemerging infectious disease that would affect global public health as seriously as SARS would almost certainly originate from animal infection (zoonosis) and that the most probable disease would be avian influenza. Thanks to the pandemic influenza issue, global cooperation and national preparedness for avian and pandemic influenza has been enhanced and this will provide a template for global cooperation to address all types of public health emergencies. The main strategies to develop the preparedness against the public health threat of emerging infectious diseases are firstly maintaining basic public health scheme with capacity building, and secondly establishing disease-specific supplement. As to pandemic influenza, the government is building core capacities in its organizational and functional operation, including stockpiling of antiviral (oseltamivir) and personal protective equipment. In the plan of action on public health emergency, the additional issues to be dealt with include the development of public risk communication scenarios, measures to increase social distance, disinfection measures, especially hand washing, table top exercises, and manpower mobilization.
International and regional contribution and collaboration have now become prerequisites for every country. We work to ensure transparency in reporting, immediate sharing of epidemiological data and samples, capacity building and collaboration with in-country and international partners.
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Summary
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Survey on HIV seropositives in Korea.
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Young Keol Cho, Woong Soo Lee, Yun Hwan Lee, Duk Hyoung Lee, Kye In Ko, Yung Oh Shin
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1991;13(1):23-32.
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Abstract
A survey to evaluate the overall aspects concerning the life-style of HIV-infected persons was conducted on 48 out of 130 HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) seropositives currently under continuous monitoring. Questionnaires consisted of 33 statements to assess seven areas : personal information, confidentiality, relationship with other people, economic problems, occupation, treatment and health, and knowledge about AIDS.
The major results of the study are as follows :
1. The study population consisted of 43 males(90%) and 5 females(10%), mostly in their twenties. According to the marital status, 27 were single, 17 married, and 4 divorced.
2. Of the respondents, 79.2% were satisfied with confidentiality provided by the government and valued confidentiality above everything else. It was found that 65% relied on the current system of maintaining confidentiality.
3. Of the respondents, 30(63%) had no sexual intercourse following HIV infection and 18(37%) had sexual contact. Of the 18 persons who had sexual contact, 14(78%) always used condom, 3(17%) used it occasionally, and 1(6%) never used it. Education levels, age, marital status did not play a significant role in regard to condom use.
4. Persons to whom the respondents told about their HIV status were brother or sister(28%), parents(23%), spouse(21%), and friend(13%). Twenty-one (44%) did not tell anybody. The period of time the respondents knew of their infection status did not have significant influence on talking about their HIV status to others.
5. In response to questions concerning occupation and economy, 48% responded that they changed their job by their own choice and 63% answered that they had some economic difficulties.
6. Forty-eight percent responded that they had sufficient knowledge on AIDS and the most concerned issue was the subject on new treatment agents(54%).
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An epidemiological investigation of typhoid fever outbreaks in a hot spring resort town and its satellite rural villages
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Joung Soon Kim, Yong Heo, Sung Soo Lee, Duk Hyoung Lee, Kun Young Shon, Sung Woo Lee
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1988;10(1):92-101.
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Abstract
An epidemiological investigation was carried out to identify source of infection and mode of transmission of typhoid fever outbreak, which has occurred in a hot spring resort town and its satellite rural villages from the begining of the march 1988. The investigation was carried out for two days, April 16th and 17th, on hospitalized patients and the villages where confirmed cases had been reported. The results obtained are as followings：
1. The S. Typhi isolated from 47 patients were all the same phage type that was untypable phage Type.
2. The incidence rate of typhoid fever among surveyed population, the populations belong to the same Ban (about 20-50 households) of the patients re¬ported, was 13.2% in hot spring resort town and 9.8% for the satellite villagers.
3. The incidence showed no difference between male and female population as a whole although for the age groups of 0-9 years old and 10-19 years old the incindence rates were much higher among males, and for the age groups of 20-29 years old, 30-39 years, and 40-49 years the rates were higher among females; for the age group of 20-29 years, female’s rate was as high as 5 times of males. The lowest rate was found among older ages.
4. The study results suggested that the source of infection was primarily water supply contaminated by sewage; the central water supply has been under repair for replacement of broken pipes almost for a month, from the end of February and the begining of April, in on and off fashion.
Supportive data are presented in the text.
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